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Odoo 19.0
Developer Goldmine.

140+ Expert questions covering the full technical spectrum — from Junior basics to Advanced Odoo 19.0 Architecture.

Core Roadmap

01 / Section

HR & Behavioral Round

1. Tell me about your most challenging Odoo project. What was the 'impossible' requirement?

ANS:Focus on a specific technical or functional gap (e.g., complex multi-step manufacturing or non-standard accounting) and explain how you researched, prototyped, and implemented the solution without breaking Odoo standards.

2. How do you handle a situation where a client insists on a customization that will break future upgrades?

ANS:I use the 'Standard First' approach. I explain the long-term maintenance cost and risk. If they still insist, I document the risk and implement it as a separate, clean module with minimal overrides.

3. Describe your experience with Odoo Enterprise vs Community.

ANS:Mention specific features like Accounting, Studio, Planning, and Mobile app availability in Enterprise, and how you manage transitions or feature-gaps in Community projects.

4. How do you stay updated with Odoo's rapid release cycle (v17 -> v18 -> v19)?

ANS:Mention Odoo Experience talks, official GitHub commits, documentation, and the Odoo community (OCA).

5. What is your approach to code reviews within a team?

ANS:Focus on readability, performance (avoiding loops in SQL/ORM), security (access rights), and adherence to Odoo's coding guidelines.

02 / Section

Junior Odoo Developer (0-2 Years)

6. What is the purpose of __manifest__.py?

ANS:It is the metadata file for an Odoo module. It defines the name, version, dependencies, data files (XML/CSV), and category.

7. Explain the difference between _name, _description, and _inherit.

ANS:_name is the internal model identifier (e.g., sale.order). _description is the user-friendly name. _inherit is used for extending existing models (Classic Inheritance) or delegation.

8. What are the different types of fields in Odoo?

ANS:Basic: Char, Integer, Float, Boolean, Text, Date, Datetime. Relational: Many2one, One2many, Many2many. Special: Binary, Html, Image, Selection, Monetary (requires currency_id), Reference.

9. How do you define a record rule (ir.rule)?

ANS:Record rules are used to restrict record access at the database level. They require a name, model, domain filter (e.g., [('user_id', '=', user.id)]), and flags for Read, Write, Create, and Delete.

10. What is the difference between compute and related fields?

ANS:compute fields calculate values on the fly via a Python method. related fields fetch values from a linked record (e.g., partner_id.phone). By default, both are not stored in the DB unless store=True is set.

11. How do you add a button in a form view to trigger a Python method?

ANS:<button name="action_do_something" string="Run" type="object" class="oe_highlight"/>. The method action_do_something must exist in the model.

12. What is onchange and when should you use it?

ANS:onchange updates the UI based on field changes before saving. Use it for dynamic UI feedback, but avoid heavy logic (use compute with depends for data integrity).

13. How do you define a Menu and an Action?

ANS:An ir.actions.act_window defines how to open a view, and a menuitem links that action to the sidebar/top menu.

14. What is the difference between Many2one and One2many?

ANS:Many2one is a link to a single record (foreign key). One2many is a virtual relationship showing all records that link back to the current one (requires a Many2one field on the other side).

15. How do you make a field required in the UI vs the Database?

ANS:UI: required="1" in XML. DB: required=True in Python field definition.

16. What is the difference between context and domain?

ANS:domain is a filter for records (e.g., [('state', '=', 'draft')]). context is a dictionary used to pass data (like lang, timezone, or default values) between views and methods.

17. How do you define a Search View?

ANS:Use the <search> tag in XML. Inside, you define <field> for direct search and <filter> for predefined domain filters or group-by options.

18. What is self.ensure_one()?

ANS:It is a safeguard that raises an error if self contains more than one record. Essential for methods that perform actions on a single object.

19. How do you add a new group to Odoo security?

ANS:Create a record in res.groups via XML, usually within a data tag with noupdate="1".

20. What is the purpose of the static folder in a module?

ANS:It stores public assets like CSS, Javascript, Images, and XML templates for the web client (OWL).

03 / Section

Mid-Level & Senior (3-5 Years)

21. Explain api.depends and api.onchange in the context of recordsets.

ANS:api.depends is for stored/unstored compute fields to trigger recalculation when dependencies change. api.onchange is only for UI-driven changes.

22. How do you optimize a search that handles 1 million records?

ANS:Use proper indexing in PostgreSQL (index=True in Python), use search_fetch (v18+) for batching, avoid search().filtered(), and use direct SQL queries via self.env.cr.execute if ORM is too slow.

23. What is 'Prefetching' in Odoo ORM?

ANS:When you access a field on a recordset, Odoo fetches that field for all records in the recordset in one query to minimize round-trips to the DB.

24. Explain the super() keyword in Odoo.

ANS:It is used to call the parent implementation of a method. Essential for extending standard behavior (e.g., create, write, action_confirm) without overwriting it entirely.

25. How do you handle multi-company security in Odoo?

ANS:Ensure models have a company_id field and use record rules with ['|', ('company_id', '=', False), ('company_id', 'in', company_ids)]. Use sudo() sparingly only when bypassing company restrictions is strictly necessary.

26. What is the difference between read_group and search_read?

ANS:search_read returns a list of dictionaries for specific records. read_group returns aggregated data (SUM, AVG, COUNT) based on a groupby parameter, used in Pivot and Graph views.

27. How do you implement a 'Smart Button' on a form view?

ANS:Define a compute field to count related records, add a button in the oe_button_box div in XML, and link it to an action filtered by the current record ID.

28. Explain Odoo's 'Environment' (self.env).

ANS:The environment stores the cursor, user ID, context, and a cache of recordsets. It provides access to other models via self.env['model.name'].

29. How do you debug Odoo code?

ANS:Use import pdb; pdb.set_trace(), breakpoint(), or Odoo's --dev=all flag. For frontend, use browser dev tools for OWL and JS.

30. What is the purpose of ir.model.access.csv?

ANS:It defines Group-level permissions (Read, Write, Create, Delete) for every model. Without this, non-admin users cannot access the model.

31. Explain mapped, filtered, and sorted recordset operations.

ANS:mapped returns a list or recordset of attributes. filtered returns records matching a condition (lambda or string). sorted returns a new recordset ordered by a key.

32. How do you perform a batch update in Odoo?

ANS:Use write() on a recordset rather than looping and calling write() on individual records. Odoo will generate a single SQL UPDATE query.

33. What is the context dictionary and how can it affect create()?

ANS:You can pass default values via context using default_field_name: value. Odoo's create() method checks the context for these keys automatically.

34. How do you handle long-running tasks in Odoo?

ANS:Use 'Scheduled Actions' (Crons) for background processing, or implement a 'Queue' system if you need real-time-ish background execution (like queue_job OCA module).

35. Explain the difference between classic inheritance and delegation inheritance.

ANS:Classic (_inherit): Adds fields/methods to an existing model. Delegation (_inherits): Links a model to another (like res.users inherits res.partner), where one record in the new table corresponds to one in the linked table.

04 / Section

Functional & Core Expertise

36. Explain the Procure-to-Pay (P2P) cycle in Odoo.

ANS:Purchase Request -> RFQ -> Purchase Order -> Receive Products (Transfer) -> Create Vendor Bill -> Register Payment.

37. Explain the Order-to-Cash (O2C) cycle.

ANS:CRM Lead -> Quotation -> Sales Order -> Delivery (Picking) -> Create Invoice -> Register Payment.

38. What is 'Valuation' in Odoo Inventory?

ANS:It tracks the financial value of stock. Costs can be Standard, AVCO (Average Cost), or FIFO (First-In-First-Out). Methods include Manual (periodic) vs Automated (real-time journal entries).

39. How does Odoo handle Multi-Currency?

ANS:Enable multi-currency in settings, define exchange rates for specific dates. Odoo calculates realized/unrealized exchange differences during payment and reconciliation.

40. What are 'Landed Costs'?

ANS:Additional costs incurred when importing goods (freight, insurance, customs, handling) that are added to the product cost price to reflect true inventory value.

41. Explain 'Reconciliation' in Odoo Accounting.

ANS:The process of matching bank statement lines with internal invoices or journal entries to ensure the Odoo bank balance matches the actual bank statement.

42. What is a 'Bill of Materials' (BoM) in Manufacturing?

ANS:A list of components and operations required to manufacture a product. Odoo supports standard Manufacture, Kits (phantom BoMs), and Subcontracting.

43. How do you handle 'Partial Deliveries'?

ANS:When validating a transfer with fewer items than ordered, Odoo creates a 'Backorder' to track the remaining quantity and schedules a new transfer.

44. What is the difference between Storable and Consumable products?

ANS:Storable: Full inventory tracking (stock levels, valuation). Consumable: No stock tracking; quantities are assumed to be always sufficient for orders.

45. What are 'Analytic Accounts'?

ANS:Used for multi-dimensional cost accounting (e.g., tracking profitability by Project, Department, or Region) without adding hundreds of accounts to the Chart of Accounts.

46. Explain 'Drop Shipping' in Odoo.

ANS:A process where the vendor ships directly to the customer. A Purchase Order is triggered by a Sales Order, but the products never enter your physical warehouse.

47. What is '3-Way Matching' in Purchasing?

ANS:A security check that compares the Purchase Order, the Receipt, and the Vendor Bill to ensure you only pay for what you ordered and received.

48. How do you handle 'Product Variants'?

ANS:Using Attributes (e.g., Size, Color) and Values. Odoo creates unique product.product records for every combination of attributes defined on a product.template.

49. What is a 'Fiscal Position'?

ANS:A mapping tool that automatically changes the taxes and accounts on a transaction based on the customer's or vendor's location (e.g., domestic vs international).

50. Explain 'Deferred Revenue' and 'Deferred Expense'.

ANS:Accounting for income or expenses over a period of time (e.g., an annual insurance policy). Odoo spreads the amount across months via automated journal entries.

05 / Section

Architecture & Scaling

51. What is 'Vacuuming' in PostgreSQL and why is it critical for Odoo?

ANS:Reclaims disk space and updates query planner statistics from 'dead tuples' created by Odoo updates. Essential for preventing 'Database Bloat' in high-traffic environments.

52. Explain the role of 'Workers' and 'Max Cron Threads' in odoo.conf.

ANS:Workers handle HTTP/User requests in multi-processing mode. Cron threads handle background tasks. Rule of thumb: workers = (CPU cores × 2) + 1.

53. How do you handle 'Race Conditions' in Odoo?

ANS:Use PostgreSQL row-level locking (FOR UPDATE) via self.env.cr.execute or ORM's flush_recordset() to ensure data consistency during concurrent operations.

54. How do you optimize Odoo for 'High Availability' (HA)?

ANS:Use a Load Balancer (Nginx/HAProxy) -> Multiple Odoo App Servers -> Dedicated PostgreSQL Cluster (Primary/Replica) -> Shared Filestore (S3 or NFS).

55. Explain the 'Bus' in Odoo's web client.

ANS:A real-time messaging system (Long-polling or WebSockets) used for UI-to-UI communication, like Chat notifications or refreshing views without a page reload.

56. Explain the difference between AbstractModel, Model, and TransientModel.

ANS:Model: Persistent DB table. TransientModel: Temporary storage (deleted periodically, used for Wizards). AbstractModel: No DB table, used as a base class for other models.

57. What is 'Pgbouncer' and when should it be used with Odoo?

ANS:A lightweight connection pooler for PostgreSQL. It reduces the overhead of creating new DB connections, mandatory for Odoo setups with 100+ concurrent users.

58. How do you manage Odoo's 'Filestore' in a multi-server setup?

ANS:By mounting a shared volume (like AWS EFS or NFS) to /var/lib/odoo across all app servers, or using a custom module to store attachments directly in Amazon S3.

59. What is 'Gevent' in the context of Odoo?

ANS:A Python library used for non-blocking I/O. Odoo uses it on the Longpolling/WebSocket port (8072) to handle thousands of concurrent chat/notification connections.

60. Explain Odoo's 'Registry' and its lifecycle.

ANS:The registry is a singleton mapping of all model names to their classes. It is initialized during server startup and reloaded when a module is installed or updated.

06 / Section

Web, OWL & JS (The Frontend)

61. What is OWL (Odoo Web Library) and why was it created?

ANS:A modern, high-performance JS framework (similar to React/Vue) created by Odoo to replace the legacy jQuery/Widget architecture with a reactive component-based system.

62. How do you extend a JS component in OWL without overwriting it?

ANS:Using the patch utility from '@web/core/utils/patch'. This allows adding or modifying methods on existing components (like the FormController) safely.

63. Explain the purpose of 't-name' and 't-inherit' in QWeb templates.

ANS:t-name defines a template's unique ID. t-inherit (with t-inherit-mode='extension') allows modifying an existing XML template using <xpath> selectors.

64. How do you trigger a 'Notification' or 'Warning' in the UI from a Python method?

ANS:By returning a dictionary with type: 'ir.actions.client' and tag: 'display_notification', passing the message and title in the params.

65. What are OWL 'Hooks' (e.g., useService, useState)?

ANS:Specialized functions that allow OWL components to access Odoo services (like 'notification' or 'rpc') and manage reactive state within the component.

66. How do you create a custom field widget in Odoo v16+?

ANS:Define an OWL component, extend standardFieldProps, register it in the 'fields' registry, and then use widget='your_widget_name' in the XML view.

67. What is the difference between 'Client Actions' and 'Server Actions'?

ANS:Client Actions: Trigger JS code in the browser (e.g., opening a custom dashboard). Server Actions: Trigger Python code on the server (e.g., mass-updating a field).

68. How do you include a custom CSS/JS file in Odoo v15+?

ANS:Add the file path to the 'assets' section in the __manifest__.py file, specifically under 'web.assets_backend' for the main ERP interface.

69. Explain the 'Control Panel' component in OWL.

ANS:A central UI component that handles the breadcrumbs, search view, and action buttons (Create, Export) across all Odoo views.

70. How do you handle 'RPC' calls from Javascript to the Python backend?

ANS:Use the useService('rpc') hook in OWL to call specific model methods via this.rpc('/web/dataset/call_kw', {...}).

07 / Section

Odoo 19.0 Specific Features

71. What are the AI-powered 'Smart Actions' in Odoo 19?

ANS:Native integration of LLMs that allows users to generate Python code, summarize records, or draft emails directly from the Odoo interface.

72. Explain the new 'JSON-2 API' introduced in Odoo 19.

ANS:A modern RESTful replacement for the legacy XML-RPC API. It uses 'Bearer Token' authentication and a clean /json/2/<model>/<method> URL structure.

73. What is 'Search Fetch' and how does it improve performance?

ANS:A new ORM method that combines 'search' and 'read' into a single database operation, significantly reducing the overhead for fetching large recordsets.

74. How does Odoo 19 handle 'Global Multi-Currency Revaluation'?

ANS:New automated tools to adjust the Balance Sheet values based on real-time exchange rates, automatically posting unrealized gain/loss entries.

75. What are 'Natural Language Search' improvements in v19?

ANS:Users can now type queries like 'Show me all unpaid invoices for Gemini' in the search bar, and Odoo translates it into a domain filter automatically.

i
08 / Section

Quick Fire Technical

Technical Prompt
76. Command to start Odoo?
./odoo-bin -c odoo.conf
Technical Prompt
77. How to update a module?
-u module_name
Technical Prompt
78. Default Odoo Port?
8069
Technical Prompt
79. Longpolling Port?
8072
Technical Prompt
80. Bypass access rights?
.sudo()
Technical Prompt
81. Currency field type?
Monetary
Technical Prompt
82. What is noupdate='1'?
Prevents XML override during updates
Technical Prompt
83. Run Odoo in shell?
./odoo-bin shell -d db
Technical Prompt
84. Model for access rights?
ir.model.access
Technical Prompt
85. XML tag for inheritance?
<xpath>
Technical Prompt
86. How to restart Odoo service?
sudo systemctl restart odoo
Technical Prompt
87. File for dependencies?
__manifest__.py
Technical Prompt
88. Default DB user?
odoo
Technical Prompt
89. Check server version?
./odoo-bin --version
Technical Prompt
90. Log file parameter?
logfile = /path/to/log
09 / Section

Quick Fire Functional

Technical Prompt
91. Account for money customers owe?
Accounts Receivable (A/R)
Technical Prompt
92. Account for money you owe vendors?
Accounts Payable (A/P)
Technical Prompt
93. What does O2C stand for?
Order to Cash
Technical Prompt
94. What does P2P stand for?
Procure to Pay
Technical Prompt
95. What is a BoM?
Bill of Materials
Technical Prompt
96. FIFO meaning?
First In, First Out
Technical Prompt
97. What is a 'Lead' in CRM?
A potential business opportunity
Technical Prompt
98. Purpose of a 'Scrap' order?
Removing damaged items from inventory
Technical Prompt
99. What is '3-way matching'?
PO vs Receipt vs Bill
Technical Prompt
100. What is an 'Analytic Plan'?
Dimension for cost tracking
10 / Section

Business Case Studies

101. Scenario: A client wants to prevent Sales Orders from being confirmed if the customer has an overdue invoice. How?

ANS:Override the action_confirm method in sale.order. Check for any open invoices with state='posted' and date_due < today. Raise a UserError if found.

102. Scenario: Every time a product is received in the warehouse, an email should be sent to the Purchasing Manager. How?

ANS:Add a 'post-validation' hook in the picking validation logic or use an 'Automated Action' (base_automation) triggered on the 'done' state of stock.picking.

103. Scenario: The client has 50,000 products and wants to update the 'Sale Price' of all of them by 10% tonight. How?

ANS:Use an 'Inventory Adjustment' for quantities, but for prices, use a 'Server Action' with Python code: records.write({'list_price': r.list_price * 1.1}).

104. Scenario: A manufacturing client wants to track the 'Batch Number' of every raw material used in a finished good. How?

ANS:Enable 'Lots & Serial Numbers' in settings. Set the products as 'Track by Lots'. Use 'Component Traceability' on the Bill of Materials (BoM).

105. Scenario: A global company wants to see their P&L in both USD and EUR simultaneously. How?

ANS:Configure 'Multi-Currency' and use the 'Consolidation' module to map accounts to a consolidated chart in a different currency.

106. Scenario: A customer wants a custom field 'Loyalty Points' to be updated every time an invoice is paid. How?

ANS:Override the action_post method in account.payment or use a 'Reconciliation' hook to find the related partner and increment the field based on the paid amount.

11 / Section

Advanced Best Practices

107. When should you use a 'TransientModel' instead of a regular 'Model'?

ANS:When the data is temporary and doesn't need to be kept permanently (e.g., configuration wizards, report filters, or multi-step input forms).

108. Why is 'N+1 Query Problem' dangerous in Odoo?

ANS:It happens when a loop triggers a DB query for every iteration (e.g., accessing record.partner_id.name inside a loop). It can turn a 0.1s operation into a 10s operation.

109. How do you handle 'Large File Uploads' (e.g., 500MB) in Odoo?

ANS:Adjust the 'client_max_body_size' in Nginx and the 'limit_time_real' in odoo.conf to prevent timeouts during the upload process.

110. What is 'Stateless' architecture and how can Odoo achieve it?

ANS:By moving the 'filestore' to a centralized storage (S3/NFS) and the 'session' data to Redis, allowing multiple app servers to handle requests interchangeably.

111. Explain 'Odoo.sh' vs On-Premise from a DevOps perspective.

ANS:Odoo.sh: Managed PaaS, built-in CI/CD, automatic backups. On-Premise: Full control over hardware, Postgres tuning, and OS-level security hardening.

12 / Section

Unit Testing & QA

112. What are the main test classes in Odoo?

ANS:TransactionCase: Each test runs in a transaction that is rolled back after. SingleTransactionCase: All tests in the class run in one transaction. HttpCase: Used for UI/Web tests using a headless browser.

from odoo.tests.common import TransactionCase, tagged

@tagged('post_install', '-at_install')
class TestSale(TransactionCase):
    def test_logic(self):
        order = self.env['sale.order'].create({'partner_id': self.partner.id})
        self.assertEqual(order.state, 'draft')

113. How do you run tests for a specific module?

ANS:Use the --test-tags parameter: ./odoo-bin -d db_name -i module_name --test-tags /module_name --stop-after-init.

114. How do you test for query performance regressions?

ANS:Use the self.assertQueryCount() helper to ensure a specific logic doesn't exceed a defined number of SQL queries (preventing N+1).

with self.assertQueryCount(admin=3):
    # This logic should only trigger 3 queries
    self.env['res.partner'].search([])

115. What is 'Mocking' and how do you use it in Odoo tests?

ANS:Using Python's unittest.mock to simulate external API responses or system calls (like time.now) without making actual requests.

116. How do you run 'Tours' (JS integration tests)?

ANS:Use HttpCase and the browser_js method to trigger an OWL tour defined in the 'tours' registry.

117. What is 'post_install' vs 'at_install' in test tags?

ANS:at_install: Runs immediately after the module is installed. post_install: Runs after ALL modules in the dependency chain are installed (preferred for cross-module logic).

13 / Section

External API (JSON-2 API)

118. What is the new 'JSON-2 API' in Odoo 19?

ANS:A modern RESTful API that uses JSON-RPC 2.0. It supports 'Bearer Token' authentication and clean URL endpoints at /json/2/.

119. How do you authenticate with the JSON-2 API?

ANS:Generate an 'API Key' for the user in Odoo, and send it in the HTTP header: 'Authorization: bearer YOUR_KEY'.

# Example JSON-2 Request
response = requests.post(
    "https://your-odoo.com/json/2/res.partner/search_read",
    headers={"Authorization": "bearer xyz123"},
    json={"domain": [["is_company", "=", True]], "fields": ["name", "email"]}
)

120. How do you call a custom Python method via the API?

ANS:The method must be decorated with @api.model or take record IDs as the first argument, and is called via /json/2/<model>/<method>.

121. Can you use the JSON-2 API with Odoo Community?

ANS:Yes, the API structure is part of the core Odoo framework, though some Enterprise-only models won't be available.

122. Difference between JSON-2 and legacy XML-RPC?

ANS:JSON-2 is faster, uses standard JSON formatting, supports modern Bearer auth, and provides better error messages than the old XML-RPC protocol.

14 / Section

QWeb Reports & PDF

123. How do you create a custom PDF report from scratch?

ANS:1. Define an ir.actions.report record. 2. Create a QWeb template. 3. Optionally create a custom 'Report Model' if you need complex data processing before rendering.

<record id="action_report_custom" model="ir.actions.report">
    <field name="name">Custom Label</field>
    <field name="model">stock.picking</field>
    <field name="report_type">qweb-pdf</field>
    <field name="report_name">module.template_id</field>
</record>

124. How do you add a custom field to the standard 'Sale Order' PDF?

ANS:Use t-inherit on the 'sale.report_saleorder_document' template and use <xpath> to inject your field inside the desired <div> or <td>.

125. What is 'wkhtmltopdf'?

ANS:The system-level library Odoo uses to convert HTML/QWeb templates into high-quality PDF documents. Version 0.12.5 (with patched qt) is the recommended standard.

15 / Section

Naming & Coding Guidelines

126. What are the Python naming conventions in Odoo?

ANS:Models: dot.notation (sale.order). Fields: snake_case (partner_id). Methods: snake_case (action_confirm). Private methods: _prefix (_get_default_val).

127. What are the XML naming conventions?

ANS:Record IDs: model_name_purpose (sale_order_view_form). Use 'oe_highlight' for primary buttons and 'oe_link' for secondary actions.

128. How should you structure a module directory?

ANS:models/, views/, data/, security/, static/, wizard/, report/, and migrations/.

129. What is the standard for commit messages in Odoo?

ANS:Use tags like [FIX], [ADD], [IMP], [REF], [REM] followed by the module name and a concise description of the change.

130. Why is 'noupdate=1' important in XML data files?

ANS:It prevents Odoo from overwriting the record during module updates, allowing users to modify the data (like email templates or workflows) without losing changes.

16 / Section

Upgrade & Migration Scripts

131. What are the three types of migration scripts in Odoo?

ANS:pre-migrate (runs before code update, uses SQL), post-migrate (runs after code update, uses ORM), and end-migrate (runs after all modules are updated).

132. Write a pre-migrate script that renames a column.

ANS:Use cr.execute('ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME COLUMN old TO new').

def migrate(cr, version):
    cr.execute("ALTER TABLE sale_order RENAME COLUMN x_old_field TO x_new_field")

133. Write a post-migrate script that populates a new field using the ORM.

ANS:Use the api.Environment(cr, SUPERUSER_ID, {}) to fetch and update records safely.

from odoo import api, SUPERUSER_ID
def migrate(cr, version):
    env = api.Environment(cr, SUPERUSER_ID, {})
    for rec in env['sale.order'].search([]):
        rec.x_new_field = rec.partner_id.name

134. How does Odoo know which migration script to run?

ANS:It checks the 'migrations/' folder for subfolders matching the version number in the __manifest__.py (e.g., migrations/19.0.1.1/).

135. What is 'OpenUpgrade'?

ANS:An OCA-led open-source project that provides migration scripts for moving between major Odoo versions (e.g., 17.0 to 18.0).

17 / Section

Multi-Company Architecture & Security

136. How do you design a model to be multi-company compatible?

ANS:1. Add a company_id field. 2. Create an ir.rule with ['|', ('company_id', '=', False), ('company_id', 'in', company_ids)]. 3. Set a proper default company.

company_id = fields.Many2one('res.company', string='Company', required=True, default=lambda s: s.env.company)

137. What is the difference between company_id and company_ids in record rules?

ANS:company_id: The field on the record. company_ids: The list of ALL companies the user has active access to in their current session.

138. How do you handle 'Shared' records (visible to all companies)?

ANS:Set the company_id field to False (NULL) and ensure the record rule allows ('company_id', '=', False).

139. What is self.env.company vs self.env.companies?

ANS:env.company: The single active company in the header. env.companies: All companies the user has checked in the company switcher.

140. How do you test multi-company logic in TransactionCase?

ANS:Create two companies and a user with access to only one. Use with_user() or with_company() to verify search results are filtered correctly.

Candidate Mastery Checklist

  • ✓ Master JSON-2 API vs XML-RPC
  • ✓ Demonstrate TransactionCase tests
  • ✓ Follow Odoo Naming Conventions
  • ✓ Handle Multi-Company logic by heart
  • ✓ Avoid N+1 and SQL Injection
  • ✓ Explain 'Why' standards come first
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